Knowledge centre

Plain-language guides on income tax, GST, Ind AS and ESG. Each article shows when it was last reviewed, because the law changes.

Income tax

Returns, the two tax regimes, the Income-tax Act, 2025, business income, capital gains, TDS and TCS, and income-tax notices.

• Capital gains on sale of immovable propertySelling land, a house, a flat or a shop? This guide explains how the gain is worked out, which rate applies, how it can lawfully be reduced, and what to do about TDS and filing. It reflects...Reviewed 16 October 2026
• Cost Inflation Index (CII): FY 2001-02 to FY 2026-27The CII adjusts the purchase cost of an asset for inflation, so that tax falls on the real gain. The base year is 2001-02 (index 100). The index for FY 2026-27 is 384, notified by the CBDT...Reviewed 16 October 2026
• New vs old tax regime for tax year 2026-27Slabs, rebate, standard deduction and how to choose between the two regimes for an individual.Reviewed 1 November 2026
• Advance tax: who pays, when and how muchDue dates, instalments, exceptions and the interest cost of getting it wrong.Reviewed 16 October 2026

GST

GST registration, rates, returns and compliance, input tax credit, refunds, notices, demands and appeals.

• GST: registration, returns, credit, notices and appealsA practical guide to Goods and Services Tax for businesses: who must register, what rate applies after the September 2025 reforms, how input tax credit works, and what to do when a notice arrives.Reviewed 16 October 2026
• GST rates after 22 September 2025The two-slab structure, what it changes for your invoices and credit, and a checklist for your billing.Reviewed 16 October 2026
• Input tax credit and GSTR-2B reconciliationWhen credit is allowed, how to reconcile with GSTR-2B every month, and the common reasons credit is denied.Reviewed 1 November 2026

Ind AS

Who must follow Ind AS, moving from Indian GAAP, and the key standards on leases, financial instruments and revenue.

• Ind AS: applicability, key standards and transitionIndian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) are converged with IFRS and prescribed under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015. This guide covers who must follow them, how they...Reviewed 16 October 2026
• Expected credit loss on trade receivables (Ind AS 109)How to apply the simplified approach and a provision matrix, with a worked example.Reviewed 16 October 2026

ESG and BRSR

Who reports a BRSR, BRSR Core and its assurance, value-chain data requests, and Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions.

• ESG and BRSR: who reports, what, and howEnvironmental, social and governance (ESG) reporting is now part of mainstream disclosure in India, especially for listed companies and the businesses that supply them. This guide explains...Reviewed 16 October 2026
• Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions explainedWhat each scope means, where the data comes from, and how it links to BRSR reporting.Reviewed 16 October 2026